Unit 21　Karl Marx

【重点、难点点拨】

　　1. 对话介绍如何谈论外语学习的日常用语。

　　2. 课文介绍了马克思的生平和学习外语一事，用来说明外语学习的重要性。

　　3. 语法介绍了过去完成时与一般过去时的区别，以及so 和such的句型结构。

　　(1) Marx had learnt some English before he got to England.

　　(2) After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.

　　(3) When all his money had gone, Marx had to lean his house in London.

　　4. have a talk with, come across, cut down, cut up, as much as possible, beforced to do sth, praise sb. for sth.， so…that, such …that, before long / long before / It is not long before…， be sure about / of sth.，/ to do sth.，keep on doing sth., keep doing sth.

【重点、难点例题解析】

　　1. -Who is Jerry Cooper?

　　-　　　? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.

　　A. Don't you meet him yet　B. Hadn't you meet him yet

　　C. Didn't you meet him yet 　D. Haven't you met him yet

　　答案D。从第二句答语I saw you shaking hands with him…说明问话者已与Jerry Cooper 握手,肯定已见面。因此选用现在完成时表示在说话之前已经完成的动作。

　　2. -Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?

　　-I　　　, but I had an unexpected visitor.

　　A. had　B. would　C. was going to 　　D. did

　　答案C。 was going to do something 与would do something都可以表示"过去将来时"前一种结构口语中较常用,而且带有说话人的主观想法或意愿。而后一种则表示将要发生的事情。选项C能表示说话人的意愿"本打算要去的"。

　　3. -　　　my glasses?

　　-Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.

　　A. Do you see　B. Had you seen 　

　　C. Would you see　D. Have you seen

　　答案D。 眼镜丢失还没找到，说明过去发生的动作对现在有影响。

　　4. Hello! I　　　you 　　　in London. How long have you been here?

　　A. don't know, were　B. hadn't known, are

　　C. haven't known, are　D. didn't know, were

　　答案D。说话人表示说话之前不知道对方在伦敦,而说话时才知道的。现在才知道了过去不知道的情况,用过去时。

　　【重点、难点练习题】

　　1. -Where　　　the recorder? I can't see it anywhere.

　　-I 　　　it right here. But now it'gone!

　　A. did you put, have put　B. have you put, put

　　C. had you put， was putting 　D. were you putting, have put

　　2. I 　　　ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.

　　A. gave　B. was given　C. was giving　D. had given

　　3. -Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something.

　　-Oh, how nice of you ! I 　　　you 　　　to bring me a gift.

　　A. never think, are going　B. never thought, were going

　　C. didn't think, were going　D. hadn't thought, were going

　　4. Rober is said 　　　 abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.

　　A. to have studied　B. to study

　　C. to be studying　D. to have been studying

　　5. The price 　　　, but I doubt whether it will remain so.

　　A. went down　B. will go down

　　C. has gone down　D. was going down

【全方位单元综合练习题】

　　Ⅰ 根据提示在文中找出相应的词语

　　1. a phrase which means something different form the meanings of the separate words from which it is formed 　　　

　　2. a man whose job is to cut down trees in a forest 　　　

　　3. improvement or development towards an desired result 　　　

　　4. words known, learnt, used 　　　

　　5. belonging or being the place of one's birth 　　　

　　6. the country where a person was born 　　　

　　7. not very great in amount　　　

　　8. fast 　　　

　　9. to make feel confident enough to sth. 　　　

　　Ⅱ 回答下列问题

　　1. What does Yang Mei find hard to learn?

　　　　　　　　

　　2. Does Sara agree with Yang Mei?

　　　　　　　　3. What's the purpose of Sara's story?

　　　　　　　　Ⅲ 单项选择

　　1. Yang Mei is 　　　on well with her foreign friends.

　　A. going　B. living　C. getting　D. staying

　　2. Do you find this lesson　　　than that one?

　　A. easy　B. is easy　C. easily　D. easier

　　3. Each family has 　　　problems. Don't you have any of 　　　.

　　A. its own…your own　B. their own…your own

　　C. its…yours 　D. the …you

　　4. He has 　　　a cold, so he 　　　a cold now.

　　A. have…has 　B. had…has　

　　C. caught…has 　D. caught…had

　　5. On her way home Sara 　　　an old friend of hers.

　　A. had　B. came across

　　C. met by chance　D. both and C

　　6. The little girl stood in the middle of the room， 　　　lots of toys around her.

　　A. she had 　B. with　C. having　D. had

　　7. Please 　　　the meat for the dog as his teeth are bad now.

　　A. cut down　B. cut up 　C. cut off　D. cut into

　　8. The war broke out and we 　　　to leave our city.

　　A. are forced　B. forced

　　C. were forced　D. will be forced

　　9. The reference book for teaching came out 　　　.

　　A. long before 　B. before long　C. for a month　D. in a month

　　Ⅳ 完形填空

(A)

　　A man was walking1a wood and he came2a woodcutter. "What are you doing?" he asked. The woodcutter replied, "I'm going to3this tree 4. " The next day he walked through the wood again. The woodcutter was standing5 a6tree,7lots of small pieces of wood in front of him. "What are you doing?" he asked. "I'm8this tree up, " answered the wood cutter.

　　1. A. across　B. by　C. past　D. through

　　2. A. up 　B. out　C. into　D. across

　　3. A. cut　B. get　C. knock 　D. put

　　4. A. off　B. down　C. up　D. out

　　5. A. near to　B. close to　C. next to　D. besides

　　6. A. fallen 　B. knocked　C. cut　D. down

　　7. A. by　B. have　C. with　D. of

　　8. A. getting　B. making　C. putting　D. cutting

(B)

　　In1, when Marx was already2, he found it important3the situation in Russia, so he began to learn Russian.4the end of six months he56to read articles and reports in Russian.

　　1. A. 1870　B. 1870's 　C. the 1870s 　D. the 1870

　　2. A. in his forty 　B. at his forty 　

　　C. in the forties 　D. in his forties

　　3. A. to study 　B. to learn 　C. studying 　D. learning

　　4. A. By 　B. At　C. In　D. Till

　　5. A. has learned 　B. learned 　

　　C. had learned 　D. had been learning

　　6. A. much 　B. little　C. many　D. enough

　　Ⅴ 完成句子

　　1. You can improve your spoken English 　　　 (每天练习说).

　　2. Whom do you think 　　　(在你班上英语最好)?

　　3. A new rocket 　　　(发射)in a day or two.

　　4. I 　　　(遇到) an old school friend in the street whom I hadn't seen for years.

　　5. 　　　(20世纪80年代)China changed a lot.

　　6. May I 　　　(和你谈谈)about your homework this afternoon?

　　7. You must do the work 　　　 (足够仔细).

　　8. 　　　(继续努力)，and you'll make even greater progress.

　　9. 　　　(接下来的几年里), he kept on studying English and using it.

　　10. (他们提出了一些建议)　　　 on our work.

　　11. They are talking about (如何做试验)　　　.

　　12. My parents are (50多岁了)　　　.

　　13. (他老是擦眼睛)　　　with the back of his hand.

　　14. I realized that (我们以前见过)　　　.

　　Ⅵ 回答下列问题

　　1. What did Marx give on how to learn a foreign language?

　　　　　　　

　　2. What can you learn from Marx?

　　　　　　　

　　Ⅶ 根据课文内容填空

　　In 1842 Marx began writing articles1a newspaper. He wrote articles2many subjects. For example, he wrote about3problems of the poor people and the peasants4life of the. He started a new programme called "5". This new kind of6idea was7by the8people, but9by many governments. He and his wife had to move from one country to10.

　　Ⅷ 理解词义

　　1. She forced herself to kiss her mother's cheek.

　　A. let　B. made 　

　　C. encouraged 　D. was unwilling

　　2. This type of glass has a color and character all of its own.

　　A. on its own 　B. of their own 　

　　C. by itself 　D. itself

　　3. He seems to have only a limited intelligence.

　　A. narrow 　B. small 　C. restricted 　D. not smart

　　4. The horse tried to run away, but Pawl succeeded in mastering it.

　　A. controlling 　D. getting 　C. managing 　D. having

　　5. I'm in a difficult situation and I don't know what to do.

　　A. place　B. trouble　C. matter　D. position

　　Ⅸ 改错

　　To a beginner, you may find it difficult

　　to learn English well. But what is most dif 　　1.　　　

　　ficult, grammar, vocabulary, idioms,

　　spelling, and pronunciation? If you have a　　2.　　　

　　problem in pronunciation, you should listen 　　3.　　　

　　to some English tape every day. If your　　4.　　　

　　spelling is poor, you'd better to do some　　5.　　　

　　spelling exercises often. If you find any ex 　　6.　　　

　　pressions or idioms which you can't under 　　7.　　　

　　stand, try to guess the meaning from the

　　rest of the sentence. If you were not good　　8.　　　

　　at writing, please read as many as possible　　9.　　　

　　before you practise to write. Keep on doing 　　10.　　　

　　like this, you are sure to learn it well.

参考答案