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1 语法辨析
Incorrect: This term is exactly a hundred days.
Correct: This term is exactly one hundred days.
当数词前有only exactly等词来强调刚好是整数时，只能用one不要用a。
Incorrect: 1107 should be read as a thousand a hundred and seven.
Correct: 1107 should be read as one thousand one hundred and seven.
and前只有千或百时用one hundred / thousand还是a hundred / thousand全可以，但and前既有千又有百时，则只能用one,如果没有and也要用one。如：1100应读作one thousand one hundred 或eleven hundred (美语中后者为多用)。
Incorrect: He ran only a mile, three hundred yards.
Correct: He ran only one mile three hundred yards.
在度量单位前的数词如是整数或带有and和零头的数字应用an或a。整数后面带零头但无and则要用one,如，a foot 但要讲one foot five (inches)。
Incorrect: 50 students are in our class.
Correct: Fifty students are in our class.
在句首的数字要用文字而不要用数目字。如果数字过大则可用数目字但不要放于句首。如：There are 186 students in our class.
Incorrect: Child as he is， he can count from one to onethousand.
Correct: Child as he is， he can count from 1to 1000.
数目字本身永远用数字表示而不要用文字表达。
Incorrect: The boys left the room by two and three.
Correct: The boys left the room by twos and threes.
twos and threes意为三三两两，文字的基数词用作复数时应用复数形式。
Incorrect: He became famous around fifty years old.
Correct: He became famous in his fifties.
in his fifties在其50多岁时，而in the fifties为在50年代。
Incorrect: It is a few 100 miles from the city to the town.
Correct: It is a few hundred miles from the city to the town.
不确定的数目都要用文字表达。
Incorrect: There are about two thousands students in that school.
Correct: There are about two thousand studentsin that school.
dozen, score, hundred, thousand， billion, million这些词如其前面有具体数字时都不能加s，如：
Three hundred of the students are crowded on the square.
Incorrect: Every morning there are several score of old people walking in the park.
Correct: Every morning there are several scores of old people walking in the park.
在thousand, hundred, score, dozen 等词前如加many， several…等不是数量的词来表达数千，数百……时，这些词要用复数形式其后加of结构。
Incorrect: I'll leave at eight fifty a. m.
Correct: I'll leave at 8∶50 a. m.
与符号或缩写形式的字母连用时一定要用数字，如：43%，67F°，No.2…
Incorrect: Our classroom is fifty by sixty feet.
Correct: Our classroom is 50 by 60 feet. 面积、尺寸、温度等实际数量要用数字表示。
Incorrect: Two－tenth of the work has been done already.
Correct: Two－tenths of the work has been done already.
分数的表示法分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母应用复数形式。但在a half, a quarter之间则不遵循这一规定，不要用连字符号。但目前不少人已不遵守这一规律了。如one half之间也都不用连字符了。
Incorrect: We have already driven 2/3 of the road.
Correct: We have already driven two－thirds ofthe road.
在数字表示的分数之后不加of结构。
Incorrect: How much is 5/8ths and 11/78 ths.
Correct: How much is 5/8 and 11/78.
用数字表示分数时分子，分母同样用基数词。
Incorrect: How much is two point three and twenty point four?
Correct: How much is 2.3 and 20.4?
小数和百分数一般要用数字表示，但不到1%的数也可文字如one half of, percent，但不如用0.5 percent直观明了。
Incorrect: I don't want to pay 1 dollar for that book.
Correct: I don't want to pay one dollar for that book.
该句话的意思是即使一块钱我也不想要那本书。在不具体指真正的钱数时要用文字表示。
Incorrect: I was born on July eighteen.
Correct: I was born on July eighteenth /the eighteenth.
月日的表达法有英美两种方式：
美语： July 18 /July eighteenth.
英语： July 18th /July the eighteenth.
Incorrect: He was graduated from Beijing University in summer of '96.
Correct: He was graduated from Beijing University in the summer of '96.
发生于某年的事件可以用其简写形式of'加年代。
Incorrect: The class will begin at 8 o'clock a. m.
Correct: The class will begin at 8 a. m.
a. m, p. m之前不可用o'clock一词，也不要在句中再用in the morning; inthe afternoon等词组。
Incorrect: I will be back at 5 p. m. in the afternoon.
Correct: I will be back at 5 p. m. /at 5 in the afternoon.
Incorrect: The train will arrive at half past three o'clock.
Correct: The train will arrive at half past three.
o'clock只能用于整点。
Incorrect: Our office remains open till 12 midnight.
Correct: Our office remains open till midnight.
midnight， noon如与其他数字时间一起连用时用12在其前面，如：The lunchtime is from 12 noon to 1：30 p. m. 但如单独使用时，则不要用12。
Incorrect: The film will begin at three quarters past one.
Correct: The film will begin at one quarter totwo.
大于30分钟时不要用past而要用 to 的表达方式。
Incorrect: Three time two is six.
Correct: Three times two is six.
此处times作为乘号讲必须加s.
加、减、乘、除在英语中常用表示法如下表4-4。
表4－4加减乘除常用表示法
| 算法 |
种类 |
例句 |
|
加法 |
一般 |
Five and six is eleven. |
|
正式 |
Five plus six equals (is) eleven. |
|
减法 |
一般 |
Eight take away four leaves (is) four. Four from eight leaves (is) four. |
|
正式 |
Eight minus four equals (is) four. |
|
乘法 |
一般 |
Three fours are twelve (3×４)＝１２. |
|
正式 |
Three times four equals (is) twelve. |
|
除法 |
一般 |
Two into four is two. Four divided by two equalstwo. |
|
正式 |
Four divided by two equals two. |
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